The specific causes of deviated readings, on Agarose Gels.

  The issues presented by the agarose gel can be understood and linked to specific causes. For instance, if the DNA bands appear to be faint, a sufficient period of time was not utilized to stain the gel (EDVOTEK). As a result, the staining process is required to be repeated. Moreover, the issue pertaining to the lack of samples and bands present within the gel, is potentially a result of the following: the Drosophila DNA sample had an improper concentration, the sample was potentially degraded, or incorrect volumes of primer and DNA were added to the PCR reaction (EDVOTEK). For example, if it is determined that there is an incorrect concentration of the Drosophila DNA sample, it is reasonable to believe that a poor DNA extraction was conducted. Therefore, the correlating step within the laboratory process is to be repeated for an accurate result. Secondly, if it is understood that the sample has become degraded, then the DNA not used post extraction: is to be stored -200 C. Lastly, if the utilization of wrong volumes of DNA and primer are incorporated into a PCR reaction, then better handling of a micropipette is required. All in all, there are numerous possibilities that can skew the experimental results. Especially, uncontrollable circumstances, such as: unknown cross contamination and malfunction of equipment and machinery within the laboratory.

    From a scientific perspective, the Polymerase Chain Reaction is a widely utilized technique, in which DNA samples are amplified. However, as with any process, there are possible limitations that are to be considered. For example, any form of contamination can easily skew the results and data. Additionally, the Polymerase Chain Reaction requires many critical measurements to be made, where any error can also lead to a significant change in the outcome of the experiment. All in all, it is reasonable to conclude that a Polymerase Chain Reaction is a highly sensitive process, where any form of error can greatly skew the resulting data. In this experiment, the genotyping of the Drosophila utilizing a PCR, the results observed deviated from the expected results. Therefore, it is only reasonable to redo the experimental process, in order to yield a better result. Alternatively, it may be more rewarding to amplify a specific segment of DNA, belonging to a human. For instance, a real world application, such as: COVID-19 PCR test. For example, the COVID-19 PCR test utilizes primers that match the segments of the COVID-19 virus’s genetic material.

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